In vitro and in vivo cardiac toxicity of flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems.

ENDS exposure can cause electrophsiological toxicity via action potential instability and reductions in heart rate variability parameters. Exposure to aldehydes containing vanillin or cinnamaldehyde were more toxic (some flavorings are more toxic than others).

abouassali O, Chang M, Chidipi B, et al. In vitro and in vivo cardiac toxicity of flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems. american journal of physiology heart and circulatory physiology. 2021;320(1):h133-h143. doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00283.2020