The implications of vaping on surgical wound healing: a systematic review.

Introduction:
This text provides a comprehensive review of the evidence regarding the implications of vaping on surgical wound healing. The authors conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Scopus databases and included 37 articles in their qualitative synthesis. The articles included studies on human volunteers, human cell lines, and animal rat models.

Key Points:

* The text found limited objective data on the effect of vaping on surgical wound healing but recommends that e-cigarettes be treated as tobacco cigarettes and stopped in the perioperative period to decrease the incidence of wound healing complications.
* Studies on human volunteers found that vaping affects the circulatory system by promoting endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress, reducing tissue oxygenation, and decreasing blood flow.
* human cell line studies found that e-cigarette vapor inhibits lung myofibroblast differentiation and impacts cell morphology, reducing proliferation rate, promoting apoptosis, and promoting the release of proinflammatory markers.
* animal rat model studies found that vaping impairs tendon repair dynamics and negatively affects wound healing and endothelial function in diabetic mice.
* The text notes that e-cigarette vapor may contain nicotine, which has vasoconstrictive properties that can decrease blood flow and oxygen supply, impairing wound healing.
* The text also discusses the potential mechanisms of how nicotine and e-cigarette condensates impact wound healing, including TGF- b and myofibroblast contraction.
* The authors call for clinical trials to understand the health hazards of e-cigarettes further and maximize patient safety and clinical outcomes.

Main Message:
The text highlights the need for more research on the health hazards of e-cigarettes, particularly in relation to surgical wound healing. The authors recommend that e-cigarettes be treated as tobacco cigarettes and stopped in the perioperative period to decrease the incidence of wound healing complications. The text emphasizes the potential negative impact of nicotine and e-cigarette vapor on wound healing and the need for clinical trials to further understand these hazards. Overall, the text highlights the importance of raising awareness of the potential complications of vaping and encouraging patients to stop vaping in the perioperative period to improve post-surgical outcomes.

ashour O, al-huneidy L, Noordeen h. The implications of vaping on surgical wound healing: a systematic review. Surgery. 2023;173(6):1452-1462. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2023.02.017