a Systematic Review of the Literature Examining the Effects of Cigarette Smoke and e-Cigarette Vapor on the Virulence of human Pathogenic Bacteria.

The studies reviewed examine the impact of cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor on the adherence of respiratory pathogens to airway cells. here are the key findings:

1. Lewis et al. (2017) found that early postnatal secondhand smoke exposure disrupts bacterial clearance and abolishes immune responses in muco-obstructive lung disease.

2. Miyashita et al. (2018) discovered that e-cigarette vapor enhances the adherence of pneumococcal bacteria to airway epithelial cells.

3. Grigg et al. (2012) demonstrated that cigarette smoke and platelet-activating factor receptor (PaFR) dependent adhesion of Streptococcus pneumoniae to lower airway cells.

4. Sohal et al. (1999) showed that smoking increases the adherence of respiratory pathogens to buccal epithelial cells.

These findings suggest that both cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor can increase the risk of respiratory infections by enhancing the adherence of bacterial pathogens to airway cells. Furthermore, secondhand smoke exposure in early postnatal stages can disrupt the immune response and bacterial clearance, potentially leading to more severe lung diseases.

Bagale K, Kulkarni R. a Systematic Review of the Literature Examining the Effects of Cigarette Smoke and e-Cigarette Vapor on the Virulence of human Pathogenic Bacteria. International journal of environmental research and public health. 2022;19(19). doi:10.3390/ijerph191912518