associations between e-cigarette use or dual use of e-cigarette and combustible cigarette and metabolic syndrome: Results from the National health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NhaNES).

Introduction:
This text provides an analysis of the association between e-cigarette use or dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the U.S. population. The study uses cross-sectional data from the National health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NhaNES) and examines the relationship between e-cigarette use and MetS and its components, as well as the association between dual use and MetS and its components.

Key Points:

* The study found that current and former e-cigarette users were more likely to have MetS than never e-cigarette users.
* Dual users had a higher prevalence of MetS, elevated triglycerides, and reduced hDL-cholesterol than never smokers and combustible cigarette-only users.
* The study controlled for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, household income, and use of other tobacco products.
* The study did not observe any significant associations between e-cigarette use and abdominal obesity or elevated fasting glucose.
* The study found that dual use was significantly associated with MetS, elevated triglycerides, and reduced hDL-cholesterol.
* The study adjusted for confounding variables but could not avoid confounding bias from unmeasured confounding variables.
* The study suggests that the association between e-cigarette use or dual use and MetS and its components, if confirmed by other study designs, may contribute to the primary prevention of MetS.

Main Message:
The study suggests that e-cigarette use or dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible cigarettes is associated with MetS among U.S. adults. Future longitudinal data with detailed exposure characteristics are needed to further confirm the risk of metabolic outcomes associated with e-cigarette use or dual use. Studies are also needed to elucidate the biological mechanisms behind these associations. The findings may inform tobacco control policies regarding regulations of e-cigarette use.

Cai J, Bidulescu a. associations between e-cigarette use or dual use of e-cigarette and combustible cigarette and metabolic syndrome: Results from the National health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NhaNES). annals of epidemiology. Published online May 16, 2023. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2023.05.009