Developmental Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use.

Introduction:
This text provides an in-depth analysis of the developmental effects of electronic cigarette use, focusing on primary and secondhand exposure. The authors discuss the components of electronic cigarettes, user characteristics, and groups at risk for exposure. They also examine the physiological and health effects of exposure to electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices.

Key Points:

* Electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices typically rely on a lithium battery-powered heating element to aerosolize an e-liquid or solution that includes a carrier agent, flavorings, and frequently nicotine.
* Distinct patterns of inhalation for primary users have been observed, leading to different levels of absorption and potentially different health effects.
* Primary users may have different patterns of use depending on their prior tobacco cigarette use and flavor preferences, leading to differing health effects.
* Infants and children are at risk for developmental effects from secondhand and thirdhand exposure to electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices.
* Secondhand exposure potential is from exhalations from the primary user, and nicotine and particulate matter concentrations are elevated compared to background levels.
* Thirdhand exposure potential is from residual nicotine on surfaces for days after use, and one study has shown that it may lead to reductions in brain and splenic growth and alterations in immune function and airway responsiveness in juvenile mice.
* Fetal exposure is likely secondary to maternal use during pregnancy, and reported rates of electronic cigarette use by pregnant women range from 1% to 15%.
* Exposure to electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices may have effects on somatic growth, neurocognitive development, respiratory effects, gastrointestinal effects, and other health effects.

Main Message:
The text highlights the potential developmental effects of electronic cigarette use, particularly for infants, children, and fetuses. While the long-term health effects of electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices are not yet fully understood, the available data suggest that there is the potential for very real health effects on developing organs. It is essential to recognize that effects are not confined to nicotine-containing devices as other constituents of electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices can also have detrimental effects. as the availability of electronic cigarettes and other vaping devices continues, it is crucial to closely monitor and study the risks associated with exposure to better inform regulatory measures and protect vulnerable populations.

Collaco JM, McGrath-Morrow Sa. Developmental Effects of Electronic Cigarette Use. Comprehensive Physiology. 2022;12(2):3337-3346. doi:10.1002/cphy.c210018