Summary
Introduction:
This summary will provide an overview of a systematic review conducted to evaluate the effects of e-cigarettes on the pathogenesis of head and neck (hN) cancers. The review includes 18 studies, primarily laboratory-based investigations, with low levels of evidence. The key points and main message of the text will highlight the potential carcinogenic role of e-cigarettes in hN cancers and the need for further research in this area.
Key Points:
1. The literature search yielded 359 articles, with 18 meeting the inclusion criteria for the review.
2. Thirteen of the included studies were laboratory-based investigations, with nine focusing on oral cavity cells.
3. E-cigarettes were found to induce cytotoxicity in cellular experiments, with varying degrees of DNa damage and oxidative stress.
4. Flavored e-liquids, particularly menthol, seemed to be more harmful compared to e-liquids without flavors.
5. Toxicants potentially responsible for harmful effects include tobacco-specific nitrosamines, aldehydes, trace metals, volatile organic compounds, phenolic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and tobacco alkaloids.
6. Two cohort studies, two case-control studies, and one case series were also included, with limited evidence and varying results.
7. Overall, the evidence suggests a potentially carcinogenic role of e-cigarettes in hN cancers, but further research is needed.
Main Message:
This systematic review highlights the potential carcinogenic role of e-cigarettes in hN cancers, with laboratory-based studies indicating cytotoxicity, DNa damage, and oxidative stress. however, the clinical evidence is limited, and further research is necessary to establish a definitive association between e-cigarettes and hN cancer pathogenesis. Clinicians should be cautious when advising patients about the use of e-cigarettes and closely monitor the ongoing popularity and evolution of e-cigarette-like devices.
Citation
Flach S, Maniam P, Manickavasagam J. E-cigarettes and head and neck cancers: a systematic review of the current literature. Clinical otolaryngology : official journal of ENT-UK ; official journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery. 2019;44(5):749-756. doi:10.1111/coa.13384
