assessing the hazard of E-Cigarette flavor mixtures using zebrafish.

Introduction:
This article by holden et al. investigates the hazards of e-cigarette flavor mixtures using zebrafish as a model organism. The study found that seven out of nine flavors tested induced adverse responses at 1% by volume, and the chemical composition and bioactivity varied by flavoring mixture.

Key Points:

* The study used the developmental zebrafish model to assess the toxicity of nine e-cigarette flavor mixtures and their constituents.
* Seven out of nine flavors tested induced adverse responses at 1% by volume, including reduced body size, hyperactivity, and oedemas.
* The number of toxic endpoints varied greatly between flavors, and two flavors, Grape and Bubble Gum, had similar chemical compositions but different toxicity profiles.
* The researchers hypothesized that the toxicity was driven by a constituent present only in the Bubble Gum flavor, cinnamaldehyde.
* They built their own defined mixture and found that the addition of varying concentrations of cinnamaldehyde suggested that it drove the toxicity of these mixtures.
* The study highlights the importance of considering the flavor-specific effects of e-cigarette ingredients and the need for further research on the potential health hazards of e-cigarette use.

Main Message:
The study highlights the need for further research on the potential health hazards of e-cigarette use, particularly the flavor-specific effects of e-cigarette ingredients. The developmental zebrafish model provides a valuable tool for assessing the toxicity of e-cigarette flavor mixtures, and the findings of this study suggest that e-cigarette hazard can be flavor-dependent. It is crucial to consider the potential health hazards of e-cigarette use, particularly in vulnerable populations such as children, young adults, and pregnant women.

holden LL, Truong L, Simonich MT, Tanguay RL. assessing the hazard of E-Cigarette flavor mixtures using zebrafish. Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research association. 2020;136:110945. doi:10.1016/j.fct.2019.110945