Summary
Introduction:
This systematic review and meta-analysis examine the immediate physiological effects of acute electronic cigarette (e-cig) usage in humans. The study aimed to determine the cardiovascular, respiratory, and blood-based responses associated with e-cig usage. The review includes 45 articles, 27 of which were included in meta-analyses. The study found that acute use of e-cigs significantly impacts the cardiovascular system and airway inflammation but does not affect spirometry results.
Key Points:
• The review included 45 articles, 27 of which were included in meta-analyses.
• acute use of e-cigs significantly impacts the cardiovascular system, including heart rate, blood pressure, and arterial stiffness.
• The cardiovascular impact of e-cigs is comparable to that of combustible cigarettes and likely related to the nicotine content.
• Respiratory changes were observed, including a significant decrease in FeNO.
• The qualitative synthesis found endothelial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and sympathetic activation.
• The acute effects of e-cigs are concerning and could potentially lead to a 3-10% increase in long-term CV risk.
• Better longitudinal studies are needed to assess e-cigs' long-term impacts.
Main Message:
The study suggests that acute use of e-cigs is not benign and has immediate physiological effects on the cardiovascular and inflammatory systems. These effects are concerning and could potentially lead to long-term health consequences. Therefore, it is crucial to conduct further research to assess the long-term impacts of e-cig usage. The study also highlights the importance of regulating e-cigarettes to protect public health.
Citation
Larue F, Tasbih T, Ribeiro PaB, Lavoie KL, Dolan E, Bacon SL. Immediate physiological effects of acute electronic cigarette use in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Respiratory medicine. 2021;190:106684. doi:10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106684
