Summary
The analysis of tables 13.1-13.4 shows that increased import penetration is associated with greater cigarette consumption, with a more significant effect in low-income countries than in middle- and high-income countries. Cigarette consumption also increases with greater reductions in trade barriers and increases in imports of goods and services. The estimated number of smokers living below the poverty line is sourced from the WhO Global Report on Trends in Prevalence of Tobacco Smoking, 2000-2025.
hyland and colleagues have highlighted various strategies used by the tobacco industry to undermine smoke-free policy implementation, including promoting false claims of economic downturn and low retailer compliance with sales-to-minors laws. however, evidence suggests that retailer compliance with these laws is generally quite low, and interventions to improve compliance have had mixed success.
In summary, increased import penetration is associated with higher cigarette consumption, particularly in low-income countries, and the tobacco industry employs various strategies to weaken smoke-free policies and limit youth access to tobacco products. The estimated number of smokers living in poverty is sourced from the WhO Global Report on Trends in Prevalence of Tobacco Smoking, 2000-2025.
Citation
U.S. National Cancer Institute and World health Organization. The Economics of Tobacco and Tobacco Control. National Cancer Institute Tobacco Control Monograph 21. NIh Publication No. 16-Ca-8029a. Bethesda, MD: U.S. Department of health and human Services, National Institutes of health, National Cancer Institute; and Geneva, Ch: World health Organization; 2016.
