Summary
Introduction:
This text provides an overview of the in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test, which is used to detect micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells as an indicator of chromosome damaging potential. The test can be conducted in the presence or absence of cytochalasin B (cytoB), and can be used to detect both aneugens and clastogens. The use of immunochemical labelling and fluorescence in situ hybridization can provide additional information on the mechanisms of chromosome damage and micronucleus formation.
Key points:
* The in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test is a robust and versatile test that can be conducted in a variety of cell types and with or without cytoB.
* The test is used to detect micronuclei in the cytoplasm of interphase cells as an indicator of chromosome damaging potential.
* Both aneugens and clastogens can be detected using this test.
* Immunochemical labelling and fluorescence in situ hybridization can provide additional information on the mechanisms of chromosome damage and micronucleus formation.
* The test is robust and has been extensively validated in international studies.
* The cells used in the test should have a stable and defined background frequency of micronucleus formation.
* It is important to consider the p53 status, genetic stability, DNa repair capacity, and origin (rodent versus human) of the cells chosen for testing.
* The test should be conducted in accordance with the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals.
Main message:
The in vitro mammalian cell micronucleus test is a valuable tool for detecting chromosome damaging potential in chemicals. The test is robust, versatile, and has been extensively validated. By following the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals and considering the characteristics of the cells used in the test, researchers can obtain reliable and relevant data on the genotoxicity of chemicals.
Citation
“OECD GUIDELINE FOR ThE TESTING OF ChEMICaLS In Vitro Mammalian Cell Micronucleus Test.” OECD, 2016.
