Nicotine absorption from Smokeless Tobacco Modified to adjust ph

Introduction:
This text is a scientific study examining the impact of ph levels and flavorings on nicotine absorption in smokeless tobacco (ST) products. The study uses a single, unflavored ST product and modifies its ph and flavorings to determine their effects on nicotine absorption. The study also measures cardiovascular responses and subjective experiences of the participants. The results of this study can provide valuable insights into the development of safer ST products and inform regulatory decisions regarding ST product standards.

Key Points:

* The study used a double-blind, within-subjects design with seven participants who were regular ST users.
* The study modified a single, unflavored ST product by adding wintergreen flavoring and adjusting its ph to low (5.4), high (8.3), or unaltered (7.7).
* Plasma nicotine levels were significantly higher in the high ph (8.3) and unaltered ph (7.7) conditions than in the low ph (5.4) condition.
* heart rate increased by 4-6 beats per minute after using the high ph (8.3) flavored and unaltered ph (7.7) products, but not after using the low ph (5.4) flavored product.
* Participants were moderately dependent on nicotine, with an average FTND-ST score of 4.3 ± 1.6 (range: 3 - 7).
* No significant differences were found in perceived product strengths or product experiences between the three conditions.
* The peak nicotine increase from the high ph products averaged 19.6 ng/mL, similar to that observed after smoking a single cigarette, cigarillo, little cigar, or e-cigarette.

Main Message:
The study provides important evidence that ph levels significantly impact nicotine absorption in ST products, with higher ph levels resulting in greater nicotine absorption. The addition of a small amount of wintergreen flavoring did not significantly increase nicotine absorption. These findings can inform regulatory decisions regarding ST product standards and support the development of safer ST products with reduced nicotine absorption. The study also highlights the need for further research to better understand the impact of flavorings and other product characteristics on nicotine absorption in ST products.

Pickworth, Wallace B. “Nicotine absorption from Smokeless Tobacco Modified to adjust ph.” Journal of addiction Research & Therapy 05, no. 03 (2014). https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000184.