Summary
Introduction:
This article presents the results of a pilot study examining potential biomarkers of e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury (EVaLI). The study analyzed plasma and urine samples from EVaLI subjects and non-users, measuring various biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid mediators.
Key points:
* The study found elevated levels of ThC metabolite in urine samples from EVaLI subjects compared to non-users.
* Plasma cotinine levels were also elevated in EVaLI subjects, suggesting dual use of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes or nicotine-containing e-cigarettes.
* Oxidative stress marker 8-OhdG demonstrated a statistically significant increase in EVaLI subjects, indicating increased oxidative DNa damage.
* Pro-resolving lipid mediators PGE 2 and RvD 1 were significantly decreased in EVaLI subjects, potentially contributing to failed lung repair and serum neutrophilia.
* Inflammatory biomarkers TNF-α, MIP-1 β, RaNTES, GM-CSF, and CC10/16 were significantly lower in EVaLI subjects, suggesting a possible dysregulated inflammatory response.
* Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB and basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) concentrations were lower in EVaLI subjects, with a non-significant decrease in VEGF levels.
Main message:
The study identified several potential biomarkers that may serve as tools for diagnosing future EVaLI cases. These biomarkers, either individually or collectively, could contribute to a better understanding of EVaLI pathogenesis and aid in the development of effective treatments. The findings also highlight the importance of considering dual use of e-cigarettes and tobacco cigarettes or nicotine-containing e-cigarettes in EVaLI diagnosis and prevention.
Citation
Podguski S, Kaur G, Muthumalage T, McGraw MD, Rahman I. Noninvasive systemic biomarkers of e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury: a pilot study. ERJ open research. 2022;8(2). doi:10.1183/23120541.00639-2021
