Computational Modeling of aerosol Deposition in Respiratory Tract: a Review

The documents provided are research papers and articles related to the field of aerosol science and inhalation toxicology. The authors have focused on the transport, deposition, and distribution of particles in human respiratory airways, including the oral airway model, triple bifurcation lung airway model, and bronchial airway model with local tumors. The studies involve mathematical modeling, simulations, and experiments to analyze the impact of particle size, shape, and breathing patterns on deposition.

The key papers include:

1. Yu (1978) - Exact analysis of aerosol deposition during steady breathing, focusing on the influence of particle size on deposition.
2. Yeh et al. (1976) - Factors influencing the deposition of inhaled particles, including particle size, breathing frequency, and airway morphology.
3. Yeh and Schum (1980) - Models of human lung airways and their application to inhaled particle deposition, discussing the importance of understanding airway structure and geometry.
4. Zhang et al. (2002a, 2002b, 2002c) - a series of studies examining aerosol transport, deposition, and cyclic inhalation of micron-size particles in triple bifurcation lung airway models, with and without local tumors.
5. Yeh et al. (1996) - Comparisons of calculated respiratory tract deposition of particles based on proposed NCRP and new ICRP66 models.
6. Morsi et al. (2009) - a study on the effect of airway bifurcation branching angles on aerosol deposition in a triple bifurcation bronchial airway model.

These papers contribute to the understanding of aerosol deposition in human airways, which can have implications for drug delivery, environmental exposure assessment, and disease diagnosis and treatment. Based on the information provided, the conclusions of the study summarized are:

1. Lung morphometry, or the study of the structure and size of the airways in the lungs, plays a significant role in airflow and aerosol transport and deposition. Various models have been developed to analyze and understand this relationship, using both structured and unstructured meshes.
2. The application of a near-wall correction to the stochastic eddy interaction model (EIM) has been shown to improve the accuracy of results when compared to experimental data for aerosol deposition.
3. a semi-empirical model for whole-lung aerosol bolus dispersion and deposition has been developed, which can estimate the fractions of deposited, exhaled, and retained particles during washout.
4. The work of Jayaraju et al. has produced models that accurately predict experimental data for aerosol deposition in the respiratory system, particularly in the mouth and upper airways. The results demonstrate that the mouth can act as an effective filter for particles in the 2-20 µm size range.

These conclusions contribute to the understanding of aerosol deposition in the human respiratory system, which is crucial for the design and evaluation of inhaled drug delivery systems and the assessment of risks associated with inhaled pollutants.

Rostami, ali a. “Computational Modeling of aerosol Deposition in Respiratory Tract: a Review.” Inhalation Toxicology 21, no. 4 (april 2009): 262–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/08958370802448987.