association of Electronic Cigarette Exposure on Cardiovascular health: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Introduction:
This text summarizes a systematic review and meta-analysis examining the association between electronic cigarette (EC) exposure and cardiovascular health. The study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the acute and chronic effects of EC use on cardiovascular outcomes, hemodynamic parameters, and biomarkers of platelet physiology. This knowledge is crucial for informing users, healthcare providers, and policymakers about the potential risks of EC use.

Key Points:

* The study included 27 randomized and observational studies published between 2006 and 2022, with a total of 863 individuals exposed to EC.
* EC users were stratified into two groups: EC use with nicotine and EC use without nicotine.
* The analysis revealed that EC exposure with nicotine led to significant increases in heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, pulse wave velocity, augmentation index adjusted for heart rate, and soluble CD40 ligand and P-selectin levels.
* The study found no significant effects on hemodynamic parameters and biomarkers after exposure to EC without nicotine, except for a decrease in mean arterial pressure.
* Subgroup analysis was conducted for EC exposure with nicotine, and the results demonstrated that EC use was linked with a higher duration of nicotine exposure than CC, leading to a higher elevation in heart rate.
* The study also discussed the potential implications of EC use for cardiovascular health, including an increased risk of hypertension, myocardial infarction, and stroke.
* Limitations of the study include the impact of nicotine exposure through other sources, types of EC devices, duration of exposure, and short-term measurements due to acute exposure.

Main Message:
The study provides compelling evidence that EC use with nicotine is associated with significant increases in various cardiovascular hemodynamic parameters and biomarkers, suggesting potential detrimental effects on cardiovascular health. The findings highlight the importance of regulating EC sales and increasing public awareness of the potential health risks associated with EC use, particularly in relation to nicotine exposure. Policymakers should consider these results when developing regulatory measures to protect public health.

Siddiqi TJ, Rashid aM, Siddiqi aK, et al. association of Electronic Cigarette Exposure on Cardiovascular health: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Current problems in cardiology. 2023;48(9):101748. doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101748