Evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β levels among subjects vaping e-cigarettes and nonsmokers.

Introduction:
This text is a summary of a research study that investigates the impact of electronic cigarette (e-cig) use on peri-implant immunological parameters compared to nonsmokers. The study aims to evaluate tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1 β levels among subjects vaping e-cigarettes and nonsmokers.

Key Points:

* The study selected 92 participants, divided into two groups: vaping e-cigs (n = 47) and nonsmokers (n = 45).
* Participants were assessed for demographic and peri-implant data, including plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and peri-implant bone loss (PI, BOP, PD, and PIBL).
* Supragingival oral prophylaxis was done, and peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) was collected to measure TNF-α and IL-1 β levels using an ELISa kit.
* The results showed that bleeding on probing (BOP) was significantly higher in nonsmokers, but probing depth greater than 4 mm and PIBL scores were significantly higher in the vaping group.
* Mean concentrations of immunologic parameters were significantly higher in the vaping group, with TNF-α and IL-1 β levels showing a positive correlation with bone loss around implants (PIBL).
* additionally, TNF-α had a positive correlation with bleeding on probing in the vaping group compared to nonsmokers.
* The study concludes that e-cig use has a negative impact on peri-implant tissues, with higher levels of inflammatory mediators detected in vaping subjects.

Main Message:
This study highlights the potential risks associated with e-cig use, specifically in relation to peri-implant tissue health. The findings suggest that e-cig use can lead to increased localized inflammatory tissue destruction and a compromised peri-implant area. as such, healthcare professionals should be aware of these risks and inform patients accordingly. additionally, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms behind increased peri-implant tissue destruction in e-cig users.

Sinha DK, Vishal, Kumar a, Khan M, Kumari R, Kesari M. Evaluation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β levels among subjects vaping e-cigarettes and nonsmokers. Journal of family medicine and primary care. 2020;9(2):1072-1075. doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_902_19