Summary
Introduction:
This text is a systematic review and meta-analysis of the duration of effectiveness of nicotine electronic cigarettes on smoking cessation and reduction. The study aims to provide updated knowledge on the efficacy and safety of nicotine electronic cigarettes. The review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-analyses (PRISMa) guidelines. The study selected randomized controlled trials with daily adult smokers, comparing the nicotine electronic cigarette with non-nicotine electronic cigarettes or other validated pharmacotherapies. The primary endpoint was smoking cessation at the end of the intervention and follow-up periods, and the secondary endpoint was the occurrence of reported serious adverse effects of the nicotine electronic cigarette at the end of the follow-up period.
Key Points:
* The study included seven randomized controlled trials with a total of 2,111 participants.
* The intervention was the use of the 1st or 2nd generation nicotine electronic cigarette, and the control group was a patch, other nicotine substitutes, a non-nicotine electronic cigarette, or both.
* The primary outcome was smoking cessation, and the secondary outcome was the occurrence of adverse effects.
* The study found that nicotine electronic cigarettes were significantly more effective than non-nicotine electronic cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy in smoking cessation.
* The study also found that nicotine electronic cigarettes were more effective than non-nicotine electronic cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy in smoking reduction.
* The study found no significant differences in the occurrence of adverse effects between nicotine electronic cigarettes and other interventions.
* The study's risk of bias assessment found that the quality of evidence was moderate to high.
Main Message:
The study provides evidence that nicotine electronic cigarettes are effective in smoking cessation and reduction compared to non-nicotine electronic cigarettes and nicotine replacement therapy. The study also found no significant differences in the occurrence of adverse effects between nicotine electronic cigarettes and other interventions. however, the study notes that the long-term safety of nicotine electronic cigarettes remains uncertain and that further research is needed to determine the risks and benefits of their use. Overall, the study suggests that nicotine electronic cigarettes may be a viable option for smoking cessation and reduction, but more research is needed to ensure their safety and efficacy.
Citation
Vanderkam P, Bonneau a, Kinouani S, et al. Duration of the effectiveness of nicotine electronic cigarettes on smoking cessation and reduction: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in psychiatry. 2022;13:915946. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.915946
