Effects of Exposure to Tobacco Cigarette, Electronic Cigarette and heated Tobacco Product on adipocyte Survival and Differentiation In Vitro.

Introduction:
This article presents a study that compares the effects of extract-enriched media from tobacco cigarette smoke (CS), heated tobacco products (hTP), and electronic cigarettes (ECIG) on the viability and differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes into beige adipocytes. The study aims to establish a method for enriching cell growth medium in products contained in CS and aerosols of ECIG and hTP, and to evaluate and compare the effects of these extracts on the viability and differentiation of 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes.

Key Points:

* CS extract caused a decrease in cell viability in a dose- and time-dependent manner, while hTP and ECIG extracts did not impair cell survival.
* CS extract significantly decreased relative lipid accumulation and expression levels of adipocyte markers during adipocyte differentiation.
* hTP extract slightly decreased relative lipid accumulation and Ppar-
ef{expression, but not to the extent of CS extract.
* ECIG extract did not significantly decrease relative lipid accumulation or expression levels of adipocyte markers.
* The study suggests that CS extract impairs differentiation of pre-adipocytes to beige adipocytes, while hTP and ECIG extracts have minimal effects.
* The effects of CS extract cannot be attributed to nicotine, as equivalent nicotine exposure from other products and pure nicotine did not result in similar effects.
* Further research is needed to confirm whether these products can cause less harm compared to cigarette smoking.

Main Message:
The study demonstrates that CS extract significantly impairs differentiation of pre-adipocytes to beige adipocytes, while hTP and ECIG extracts have minimal effects. These findings suggest that hTPs and ECIGs may be more compatible with brown/beige adipocyte differentiation and functionality, which could contribute to their potential as harm reduction products. however, further preclinical and clinical studies are necessary to establish their harm reduction potential compared to tobacco cigarettes.

Zagoriti Z, El Mubarak Ma, Farsalinos K, Topouzis S. Effects of Exposure to Tobacco Cigarette, Electronic Cigarette and heated Tobacco Product on adipocyte Survival and Differentiation In Vitro. Toxics. 2020;8(1). doi:10.3390/toxics8010009