Summary
Introduction:
This text provides an in-depth analysis of a research article examining the effects of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) on oral health. Readers will learn about the composition of ENDS, the potential risks they pose to oral health, and the limitations of the available research.
Key Points:
* The study used a systematic review of the literature to investigate the relationship between ENDS and oral health.
* The study found that ENDS contain a variety of ingredients, including nicotine, flavorings, and a matrix of glycerin or propylene glycol.
* The study found that e-liquid formulations can demineralize tooth enamel and increase susceptibility to caries.
* The study found that ENDS aerosols may cause color changes in teeth and dental prostheses or fillings.
* The study found that ENDS may have an adverse impact on teeth, including increased growth and adherence of S. mutans and an increased risk of caries.
* The study found that ENDS users exhibited altered oral microbiomes and dual use of ENDS and conventional cigarettes was associated with the presence of several known pathogenic microbes.
* The study found that ENDS use was associated with higher odds of self-reported periodontal disease.
* The study found that ENDS use was associated with higher levels of inflammatory mediators, indicating a greater amount of localized inflammatory destruction of tissue and compromised peri-implant structures.
Main Message:
The study highlights the potential risks that ENDS pose to oral health, including increased susceptibility to caries, discoloration of teeth and dental prostheses, and altered oral microbiomes. The study also emphasizes the limitations of the available research and the need for further investigation into the long-term effects of ENDS use on oral health. Overall, the study suggests that while ENDS may be less harmful than traditional cigarettes, they are not without risk and further research is needed to fully understand their impact on oral health.
Citation
Zhang q, Wen C. The risk profile of electronic nicotine delivery systems, compared to traditional cigarettes, on oral disease: a review. Frontiers in public health. 2023;11:1146949. doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1146949
