Lung histomorphological alterations in rats exposed to cigarette smoke and electronic cigarette vapour.
Nonclinical
Respiratory Toxicity
In Vivo
Wawryk-Gawda (2020)
Experimental exposure to propylene glycol mist in aviation emergency training: acute ocular and respiratory eVects
Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Relative Health Effects Of User
Wieslander (2001)
E-Cigarette Liquids and aldehyde Flavoring agents Inhibit CYP2a6 activity in Lung Epithelial Cells.
Nonclinical
Respiratory Toxicity
In Vitro
Winters (2023)
a 6-month inhalation toxicology study in apoe-/- mice demonstrates substantially lower effects of e-vapor aerosol compared with cigarette smoke in the respiratory tract.
Nonclinical
Respiratory Toxicity
In Vivo
Wong (2021)
Indoor partitioning and potential thirdhand exposure to carbonyl flavoring agents added in e-cigarettes and hookah tobacco.
Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Secondary & Tertiary Exposure
Wu (2022)
Menthol in electronic cigarettes causes biophysical inhibition of pulmonary surfactant.
Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Relative Health Effects Of Users
Xu (2022)
The role of synthetic coolants, WS-3 and WS-23, in modulating E-cigarette-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lung epithelial cells.
Nonclinical
Respiratory Toxicity
In Vitro
Yogeswaran (2022)
Evaluation of Chemical Exposures at a Vape Shop
Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Secondary & Tertiary Exposure
Zwack (2017)
E-cigarette Quit Attempts in Emerging Adults: Motivations for Attempts and Predictors of Cessation Barriers
Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Relative Health Effects Of Users
Holt (2025)
Understanding Use of E-cigarettes for Smoking Cessation Among a Sample of U.S. Adults
Nonclinical
Respiratory Toxicity
In Vitro
Sharma (2025)