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Should we worry about children’s exposure to third-hand by-products generated from electronic nicotine delivery systems?

Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Secondary & Tertiary Exposure

Nath (2020)

Early Cardiovascular Risk in E-Cigarette Users: the Potential Role of Metals.

Individual Clinical
Safety
Adverse Effects

Navas-acien (2020)

Prevalence of oral parameters in smokeless tobacco-associated precancer

Individual Clinical
Safety
Adverse Effects

Negi (2019)

a Comparison of Use Topography and Nicotine Pharmacokinetics among Loose and Portioned Smokeless Tobacco Users.

Individual Clinical
Pharmacokinetics & Abuse Liability; User Topography
Pharmacokinetics

Nighbor (2023)