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How close are we to definitively identifying the respiratory health effects of e-cigarettes?

Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Relative Health Effects Of User

Ratajczak (2018)

A Cancer That Went Up in Smoke

Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Relative Health Effects Of User

Ring-Madsen (2016)

A new challenge: suicide attempt using nicotine fillings for electronic cigarettes

Individual Clinical
Pharmacokinetics & Abuse Liability
Misuse Postential

Schipper (2014)

Passive exposure to pollutants from conventional cigarettes and new electronic smoking devices (IQOS, e-cigarette) in passenger cars

Individual Clinical
Respiratory Toxicity
Secondary & Tertiary Exposure

Schober (2019)