Electronic cigarette liquid substances propylene glycol and vegetable glycerin induce an inflammatory response in gingival epithelial cells.
Nonclinical
Immunotoxicology
In Vitro
Beklen (2021)
Impact of heated Tobacco Products, E-Cigarettes, and Cigarettes on Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction.
Nonclinical
Immunotoxicology
In Vitro
Belkin (2023)