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Dependence on Tobacco and Nicotine Products: A Case for Product-Specific Assessment

Individual Clinical
Pharmacokinetics & Abuse Liability
Abuse Liability

Fagerstrom and Eissenberg (2012)

Nicotine Delivery Kinetics and Abuse Liability

Individual Clinical
Pharmacokinetics & Abuse Liability
Abuse Liability

Henningfield and Keenan (1993)

Abuse liability assessment of an electronic cigarette in combustible cigarette smokers.

Individual Clinical
Pharmacokinetics & Abuse Liability
Abuse Liability

Maloney (2019)