Chronic electronic cigarette exposure in mice induces features of COPD in a nicotine-dependent manner
Non-clinical
Safety Effects In Animals
Repeat-dose Toxicity
Garcia-arcos (2016)
TOXICOLOGIC EVaLUaTION OF hUMECTaNTS aDDED TO CIGaRETTE TOBaCCO: 13-WEEK SMOKE INhaLaTION STUDY OF GLYCERIN aND PROPYLENE GLYCOL IN FISChER 344 RaTS
Nonclinical
Safety Effects In Animals
Repeat-dose Toxicity
heck (2002)
Biological changes in C57BL/6 mice following 3 weeks of inhalation exposure to cigarette smoke or e-vapor aerosols
Non-Clinical
Safety Effects In Animals
Repeat-dose Toxicity
Lee (2018)
MaTERNaL NICOTINE EXPOSURE DURING GESTaTION aND LaCTaTION OF RaTS INDUCE MICROSCOPIC EMPhYSEMa IN ThE OFFSPRING
Non-Clinical
Safety Effects In Animals
Repeat-dose Toxicity
Maritz (2002)
Bronchial and Bronchiolar Fibrosis in Rats Exposed to 2,3-Pentanedione Vapors: Implications for Bronchiolitis Obliterans in humans
Non-Clinical
Safety Effects In Animals
Repeat-dose Toxicity
Morgan (2012)
Evaluation of the Tobacco heating System 2.2. Part 6: 90-day OECD 413 rat inhalation study with systems toxicology endpoints demonstrates reduced exposure effects of a mentholated version compared with mentholated and non-mentholated cigarette smoke
Non-Clinical
Safety Effects In Animals
Repeat-dose Toxicity
Oviedo (2016)
Evaluation of the Tobacco heating System 2.2. Part 4: 90-day OECD 413 rat inhalation study with systems toxicology endpoints demonstrates reduced exposure effects compared with cigarette smoke
Non-clinical
Safety Effect In Animals
Repeat-dose Toxicity
Wong (2016)