Dual Users Compared to Smokers: Demographics, Dependence, and Biomarkers.
Population Clinical
Population Health Impact
Piper (2019)
E-cigarette Dependence Measures in Dual Users: Reliability and Relations With Dependence Criteria and E-cigarette Cessation.
Population Clinical
Cessation
ENDS
Piper (2020)
The Impact of Three Alternate Nicotine-Delivery Products on Combusted Cigarette Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Individual Clinical
Pharmacokinetics & Abuse Liability
Pharmacokinetics
Piper (2025)