Metal and Silicate Particles Including Nanoparticles are Present in Electronic Cigarette Cartomizer Fluid and aerosol
Non-clinical
Chemical
Analysis
Williams (2013)
Strategies to Reduce Tin and Other Metals in Electronic Cigarette aerosol
Non-clinical
Methods
Williams (2015)
Comparison of the Performance of Cartomizer Style Electronic Cigarettes from Major Tobacco and Independent Manufacturers
Non-clinical
Williams (2016)
Elements including metals in the atomizer and aerosol of disposable electronic cigarettes and electronic hookahs
Non-clinical
Chemical
Analysis
Williams (2017)